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Guides | Models | Validation
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Guides
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- Evaluating EMF Compliance - Part 1: A Guide to Far-Field RF Exposure Assessments
- Design Guidelines for Skeleton Slot Antennas: A Simulation-Driven Approach
- Simplified Modeling for Microstrip Antennas on Ungrounded Dielectric Substrates: Accuracy Meets Simplicity
- Fast Modeling of a Monopole Supported by a Broadcast Tower
- Linking Log-Periodic Antenna Elements Using Transmission Lines
- Wave Matching Coefficient: Defining the Practical Near-Far Field Boundary
- AN-SOF Mastery: Adding Elevated Radials Quickly
- How to Merge Projects
- On the Modeling of Radio Masts
- The Equivalent Circuit of a Balun
- AN-SOF Antenna Simulation Best Practices: Checking and Correcting Model Errors
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- AN-SOF Antenna Simulation Software - Version 8.90 Release Notes
- AN-SOF 8.70: Enhancing Your Antenna Design Journey
- Introducing AN-SOF 8.50: Enhanced Antenna Design & Simulation Software
- Get Ready for the Next Level of Antenna Design: AN-SOF 8.50 is Coming Soon!
- Explore the Cutting-Edge World of AN-SOF Antenna Simulation Software!
- Upgrade to AN-SOF 8.20 - Unleash Your Potential
- AN-SOF 8: Elevating Antenna Simulation to the Next Level
- New Release: AN-SOF 7.90
- AN-SOF 7.80 is ready!
- New AN-SOF User Guide
- New Release: AN-SOF 7.50
- AN-SOF 7.20 is ready!
- New Release :: AN-SOF 7.10 ::
- AN-SOF 7.0 is Here!
- New Release :: AN-SOF 6.40 ::
- New Release :: AN-SOF 6.20 ::
- Show All Articles ( 1 ) Collapse Articles
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Models
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- Modeling a J-Fed 5-Element Collinear Antenna for the 2 m Band
- Simulating the Ingenious Multiband Omnidirectional Dipole Antenna Design
- The Loop on Ground (LoG): A Compact Receiving Antenna with Directional Capabilities
- Precision Simulations with AN-SOF for Magnetic Loop Antennas
- Advantages of AN-SOF for Simulating 433 MHz Spring Helical Antennas for ISM & LoRa Applications
- Radio Mast Above Wire Screen
- Square Loop Antenna
- Receiving Loop Antenna
- Monopole Above Earth Ground
- Top-Loaded Short Monopole
- Half-Wave Dipole
- Folded Dipole
- Dipole Antenna
- The 5-in-1 J-Pole Antenna Solution for Multiband Communications
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- Extended Double Zepp (EDZ): A Phased Array Solution for Directional Antenna Applications
- Transmission Line Feeding for Antennas: The Four-Square Array
- Log-Periodic Christmas Tree
- Enhancing VHF Performance: The Dual Reflector Moxon Antenna for 145 MHz
- Biquad UHF Antenna Array
- 145 MHz 5-Element Array of Square Loops
- Broadside Dipole Array
- Log-Periodic Dipole Array
- Broadband Directional Antenna
- A Closer Look at the HF Skeleton Slot Antenna
- The 17m Band 2-Element Delta Loop Beam: A Compact, High-Gain Antenna for DX Enthusiasts
- Enhancing Satellite Links: The Moxon-Yagi Dual Band VHF/UHF Antenna
- Array of Snowflake Quads
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Validation
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- Simple Dual Band Vertical Dipole for the 2m and 70cm Bands
- Linear Antenna Theory: Historical Approximations and Numerical Validation
- Validating Panel RBS Antenna with Dipole Radiators against IEC 62232
- Directivity of V Antennas
- Enhanced Methodology for Monopoles Above Radial Wire Ground Screens
- Dipole Gain and Radiation Resistance
- Convergence of the Dipole Input Impedance
- Impedance of Cylindrical Antennas
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Directivity of V Antennas
The V antenna is a traveling wave antenna where high directivity can be achieved when the length of each arm of the V is greater than the wavelength. However, the angle between the arms must be chosen so that the fields radiated by both arms constructively add in the forward direction. Several authors have investigated the optimum angle of the V antenna as a function of the length of its arms. For instance, refer to G. A. Thiele and E. P. Ekelman, Jr., “Design Formulas for Vee Dipoles,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. AP-28, No. 4, pp. 588–590, July 1980.
Thiele and Ekelman have reported a formula for calculating the angle between the arms that maximizes the directivity of a symmetric V antenna, which depends on the length of the arm measured in wavelengths. This formula is a polynomial fit to the results of various simulations using the Method of Moments (MoM). A linear fit to maximum directivity as a function of arm length has also been reported and it is given by
where L/λ is the arm length in wavelengths.
Details of the segmentation and kernel of the integral equation used have not been provided, but the thin-wire approximation was probably used. Despite these missing data, these formulas serve as a reference to compare with the results obtained from AN-SOF.
Figure 1 shows the AN-SOF model of a V antenna and the calculated radiation pattern for an arm length L/λ = 2 and an angle Θ = 67°. Figure 2 shows maximum directivity as a function of the arm length in wavelengths. We can see that the agreement is quite good. The values obtained from Eq. (1) are somewhat lower than those of AN-SOF, as if the antenna arms were shorter. This displacement of the results obtained by the traditional method of moments with thin-wire kernel with respect to the MoM with exact kernel is well known, so it is expected to be observed in these comparisons.